Number stance
To say infinitely many, last place, a gazillion, or absolutely zero, write the exponent mark wa or wu with no exponent digits. What the word means depends on what comes before the empty exponent: nothing, nonzero mantissa digits, or the mantissa 0 (table). A word has only one such group, and that group takes no percent closer.
| Shape | Reading |
|---|---|
wa/wu alone (no mantissa) | special value: +∞ / −∞ / last place / start place / … (tables below) |
Mantissa ≠0 + wa/wu∅ | hyperbole (N gazillion / umpteenth) |
Mantissa 0 + wa/wu∅ | zero × digitless exp |
Writing: e = speech wa; e- = speech wu. Digitless means no power digits after that mark. Bare / assert e0 writes power 0 (not digitless): bare OoM.
The marker still says amount or rank. A code has no magnitude, so it takes no exponent.
On this page
Special values
zogozelx grawal.z-cat-x | g-plus-infinity"There are infinitely many cats."
Referential (/ɡ/ /z/ /d/ /b/)
| Form | Anatomy | Reading |
|---|---|---|
g+e (etc.) | ra + wa∅ + -l | +∞ |
g~+e | ra + wa∅ + -m | arbitrarily large but finite |
g+e- | ra + wu∅ + -l | arbitrarily small but finite |
g-e | ru + wa∅ + -l | −∞ |
g~-e | ru + wa∅ + -m | arbitrarily large but finite (negative / deficit) |
g#e | re + wa∅ + -l | last place / final-place landmark |
g~#e | re + wa∅ + -m | near last place |
g#e- | re + wu∅ + -l | start / beginning place / origin landmark: first with emphasis on onset (the starting one, at the beginning). Numbered 1st is g#1. Ultimate-ancestor pole |
g~#e- | re + wu∅ + -m | near first place |
g-e- | ru + wu∅ + -l | just short: arbitrarily small but finite shortfall (a hair under); against a target, almost |
g~-e- | ru + wu∅ + -m | nearly: a small shortfall, not claimed to be tiny |
Same under /z/ /d/ /b/ (zrawal = +∞ as subject; drowul = start-place as object; brawul = of an arbitrarily small but finite amount; zruwul = a hair-short amount as subject). Contrast grobal = numbered first / 1st; growal = last-place landmark; growul = beginning/onset landmark.
Just short (gruwul): negative marker (ru) + digitless negative exponent (wu∅), no mantissa. It mirrors grawul (a hair over zero): gruwul is a hair under: the smallest shortfall. Against a target it reads almost.
Compare with: the same form on each role letter: gruwul the amount, xruwul just before that:, thruwul virtually, vruwul nudge down, hruwul almost, yruwul so close!. Pretend as if is a different thing: the mood eyu (Notional, e.g. theyum).
Endings (no-mantissa specials):
| Ending | Sense |
|---|---|
| -l | Exact special value (default): +∞ / −∞ / last place / start place / arbitrarily small but finite / just short as in the form table |
-m on wa∅ (…em) | Arbitrarily large but finite on scalars (g~+e / g~-e); on ordinals (g~#e) = near last place |
-m on wu∅ (…e-m) | Soft / approximate small on scalars (g~+e-); nearly on ru+wu∅ (g~-e-); on ordinals (g~#e-) = near first place |
| -n | Conventional designation of that special (named ∞ symbol, official last place / starting title, …) |
| -r | Resume a prior special value of that marker+exp polarity (g=+e = that +∞ again; g=+e- = that arbitrarily small amount again; g=-e- = that same hair-short amount again) |
Number as verb and adverb
On /v/ and /h/, these special values (∞, last, start, a tiny amount) become actions and adverbs. Soft -m softens them the same way it does on /ɡ/ (a lot but finite, near last, …).
Scalars (ra / ru):
| Form | Reading |
|---|---|
v+e | increase without bound |
v~+e | increase a lot but finite |
v-e | decrease without bound |
v~-e | decrease a lot but finite |
v+e- | nudge up: increase by an arbitrarily small but finite amount |
v-e- | nudge down: decrease by an arbitrarily small but finite amount |
v~-e- | ease down a little |
h+e | unbounded multiplicity (× without bound / unboundedly many times) |
h~+e | many times but finite |
h+e- | barely: the action clears one full time by a hair (zazozon h+e- vehohel. Azozon barely sits) |
h~+e- | scraped by: it happened, but only with strain |
h-e- | almost: the action falls a hair short of one full time (zazozon h-e- vehohel. Azozon almost sits) |
h~-e- | came close: it fell short despite a real effort |
Margin vs effort: -l (hrawul / hruwul) measures the margin: over or under by a hair. ~ (-m) reports the felt effort instead: zazozon hrawum vehohel. is Azozon managed to sit, just; zazozon hruwum vehohel. is Azozon tried hard to sit and didn't quite. Division into parts keeps its counted form h-N.
On a quality: the same pair sits on /w/ before an adjective or adverb. wrawul = barely; wruwul = almost.
zodozel wruwul gonumul vowurol.[z-dog | [w---e- | g-angry]] | v-walk"An almost angry dog walks."
Stance: a whole claim that holds all but a hair is stance, not manner, so it sits on /th/: thruwul = virtually / practically; thruwum = more or less. hruwul says the event fell short; thruwul says your claim is a hair short of exact.
Ordinals (re), start/last landmarks:
| Form | Reading |
|---|---|
v#e | take / come in last place |
v~#e | take / come in near last place |
v#e- | take / come in starting place |
v~#e- | take / come in near first place |
h#e | for the last time |
h~#e | for a near-last time |
h#e- | for the first time (onset framing). Numbered h#1 is a counted first. |
h~#e- | for a near-first time |
Soft, named, and resume endings (~ / @ / =) work as on the other special values.
Number as interjection
On /y/, the special values are cheers:
| Form | Reading |
|---|---|
y+e | To infinity! |
y~+e | To a huge (but finite) amount! |
y#e | Finally! (place/coda cheer). Discourse x#e is Finally: |
y~#e | Almost finally! / soft coda cheer |
y#e- | (finally, we're) starting! (onset cheer). Discourse x#e- is Starting with: |
y~#e- | soft onset cheer |
y-e- | So close! / Almost! (near-miss cheer) |
y~-e- | soft nearly! |
Number as discourse
Last point / Finally: xrowal = Finally: / last point: (committed coda item). Soft xrowam = near-final; named xrowan = ritual / titled Finally; xrowar resumes that last-point marker. Extra items use discourse hook al (additionally: hooks.md).
Starting point / Starting with: xrowul = Starting with: / to begin: (committed opening item). Soft xrowum = near-start; named xrowun = ritual / titled Starting with; xrowur resumes that start-point marker. Numbered firstly is xrobal.
Under /x/, a digitful exponent on # is outline depth relative to the focused agenda item: x#3e2 = 3rd sub-sub-point under the focus; xrowubal = parent-layer item(s); xrowamol = current-layer item(s). A flat list uses x#N (and Finally / Starting with as above).
These sit beside the numbered points of Number as discourse marker. End-relative discourse points use x#-N (from the end). Just-before discourse: xruwul = just before that: (step back a moment in the telling). Soft xruwum; named xruwun; resume xruwur. Corroborating is xral; independent is xrul.
Zero × exponent
To say absolutely nothing, empty at the seed, or a residue that will not go away, pair the mantissa 0 with an exponent: a digitless one, or the engineering e-1. Soft, named, and resume endings (~ / @ / =) work as on the other special values.
Referential (/ɡ/ /z/ /d/ /b/)
| Form | Anatomy | Reading |
|---|---|---|
g+0e | mantissa 0 + digitless wa | absolute zero / totalized null quantity; stronger than plain g+0 |
g+0e- | mantissa 0 + digitless wu | sterile / null-at-seed amount: emptiness at grain scale |
g-0e | ru + mantissa 0 + digitless wa | absolute residue quantity: amount that will not totally wipe |
g-0e- | ru + mantissa 0 + digitless wu | micro-residue amount |
g+0e-1 | mantissa 0 + digitful wu + exp 1 | engineering null at OoM −1: amount wiped at scale 10⁻¹ (deci-null). Sterile digitless is g+0e-. Bare OoM is g+e-1. |
g-0e-1 | ru + mantissa 0 + digitful wu + exp 1 | engineering residue at OoM −1: irreducible leftover at that scale |
Same under /z/ /d/ /b/ (zramowal = absolute-zero as subject; z+0e-1 = deci-null as subject).
Emptiness chain (amounts): gruwal (−∞ deficit), gramol (plain zero), gramowal (absolute zero), gramowul (sterile micro-null), g+0e-1 (engineering null at 10⁻¹). Bare grawamol is the ones decade band (1–9).
Only amounts take ±0e-1: the engineering null uses ra / ru.
Number as verb and adverb
| Form | Reading |
|---|---|
v+0e / v+0el | annihilate / wipe totally (hostless total null as act) |
v+0e- | sterilize / null at the seed |
v+0e-1 | null at OoM −1 / wipe at deci scale |
v-0e | leave irreducible residue / refuse total wipe |
v-0e- | leave micro-residue |
v-0e-1 | leave residue at OoM −1 |
h+0e | zero times (totally) / annihilate repetition. Applicability never is restrictor hal. |
h+0e- | sterile / grain-null repetition framing |
h+0e-1 | zero-times framing at OoM −1 |
h-0e | with irreducible residual repetition |
h-0e-1 | residual repetition at OoM −1 |
Ones-band / assert-e0 as verb / adverb / interjection / discourse are ordinary bare OoM / Ne0 (vrawamol, h+3e0, …): Bare OoM. Soft -m hedges (almost annihilate, almost deci-null, …).
Number as interjection
| Form | Reading |
|---|---|
y+0e | Annihilate! / Wipe it! |
y+0e- | Sterilize! / Null the seed! |
y+0e-1 | Null at deci! / Wipe at 10⁻¹! |
y-0e | Residue stands! / Won’t totally wipe! |
y-0e-1 | Deci-residue stands! |
yrawamol = ones-band cheer (ordinary bare OoM).
Number as discourse
Ordinal rank annihilated (#0e)
Mantissa 0 + digitless wa under forward ordinal re / #. Numbered zeroth is #0 (still a rung). Origin landmark is #e-. Current generation is #e0. Scalar absolute zero is +0e.
| Form | Reading |
|---|---|
g#0e | rank annihilated / disqualified / place wiped; unplaceable in the series |
z#0e / d#0e / b#0e | same as subject / object / modifier |
v#0e | disqualify / take annihilated place |
h#0e | for a disqualified / struck turn |
y#0e | Disqualified! / Rank wiped! |
Soft -m hedges (near-disqualified, …).
Free vs derived
Free grawamol / g+Ne0 are bare OoM / OoM assert on free numbers, not kind derivation morphs. Engineering OoM-null is ±0e-1.
Hyperbole
For a joking exaggeration (a gazillion, the umpteenth), write nonzero mantissa digits and then a digitless wa or wu. On an amount this is comically huge (wa) or tiny (wu); on a rank it is a comically late or early place. Mantissa 0 + digitless is zero × exponent. Real powers of ten keep digitful exponents (g+1e9). End-relative place is marker #- (from the end).
Scalar (ra / ru)
| Form | Reading |
|---|---|
g+1e | one gazillion (committed hyperbolic huge) |
g+3e | three gazillion |
g+1e- | one gazillionth / vanishingly small hyperbole |
g-1e | minus one gazillion (hyperbolic deficit) |
Amounts work the same way on /z/, /d/, and /b/.
Ordinal umpteenth / umpteenth-first (re + wa∅ / wu∅)
The mantissa counts how many joke-units late (wa) or early (wu) the place is. The place is still finite; this is only exaggeration. Landmarks are growal / growul.
| Form | Reading |
|---|---|
g#1e | the gazillionth / umpteenth (comic late place, toward last place) |
g#3e | the three-gazillionth |
g~#1e | about the gazillionth / soft umpteenth |
g#1e- | the gazillionth-first / comic early place (toward onset) |
g#3e- | the three-gazillionth-first |
g~#1e- | about the gazillionth-first |
growal is last place; growul is the start landmark; grobal is numbered 1st.
Endings on hyperbolic forms:
| Ending | Sense | Example |
|---|---|---|
| -l | Committed hyperbole: speaker stands behind the joke magnitude | g+1e one gazillion; g#1e the gazillionth; g#1e- the gazillionth-first |
| -m | Soft / hedged hyperbole: about a gazillion, umpteen | g~+1e roughly a gazillion; g~#1e about the gazillionth |
| -n | Proper noun / proper designation: the hyperbolic numeral as a name (a building called the Gazillion, a title One Gazillion, the Gazillionth, …) | g@+1e; g@#1e |
| -r | Resume that prior hyperbolic amount or place; keep the mantissa (g=+1e, g=#1e), since g=+e / g=#e resume +∞ / last place |
On /v/, /h/, /y/, and /x/, hyperbole works the same way:
| Form | Reading |
|---|---|
h+1e | a gazillion times |
h#1e | for the gazillionth time |
h#1e- | for the gazillionth-first time |
v+1e | add a gazillion |
v#1e | place / come in gazillionth / rank as umpteenth |
v#1e- | place / come in gazillionth-first |
y+1e | a gazillion more! |
y#1e | Gazillionth! (comic late place cheer) |
y#1e- | Gazillionth-first! (comic early place cheer) |
x#1e | umpteenth point: / joke late agenda item |
x#1e- | umpteenth-first point: / joke early agenda item |
Digitless e/e- sits in its own group (no ye / yo / yu stacked in that group).
Number as stance
Digitless specials, zero × exponent, and hyperbole keep their meaning under stance /th/:
| Form | Reading |
|---|---|
th+e | certain: not an estimate; no exceptions allowed |
th+0e | no chance at all: ruled out, not just 0% |
th+1e | a gazillion percent sure (hyperbole) |
th-e- | virtually / practically: the claim holds all but a hair |
th~-e- | more or less |
th+100 and thramol are still estimates (I'd put it at 100%). thrawal and thramowal step outside the estimate.
Practice
Short drills for Advanced. Try each item before opening Show answer.
Setting: an observatory
New words:
| English | Ageben | Cue |
|---|---|---|
| telescope | udowol | 🔭 |
Review:
| English | Ageben |
|---|---|
| Azozon | azozon |
| Alazun | alazun |
| Ahelan | ahelan |
| star | alel |
| cloud | ugalal |
| sun | ezalol |
| see | vayebel |
English → Ageben
1. There are infinitely many stars.
Show answer
zalelx grawal.
z-star-x | g-plus-infinity
2. There are one gazillion telescopes.
Show answer
zudowolx grabawal.
z-telescope-x | g-+-1e
3. Finally: Azozon sees the clouds.
Show answer
xrowal zazozon dugalalx vayebel.
x-finally | z-Azozon | d-cloud-x | v-see
4. Alazun almost sees the sun.
Show answer
zalazun hruwul dezalol vayebel.
z-Alazun | h---e- | d-sun | v-see
Ageben → English
1. zalelx grawam.
Show answer
z-star-x | g-plus-infinity.about
There is a huge but finite number of stars.
2. zugalalx gramowal.
Show answer
z-cloud-x | g-+-0e
There are absolutely no clouds.
3. xrowul zahelan dalel vayebel.
Show answer
x-starting-with | z-Ahelan | d-star | v-see
Starting with: Ahelan sees the star.
Pick one
1. Azozon barely sees the star. zazozon hrawul dalel vayebel. or zazozon hruwul dalel vayebel.
Show answer
zazozon hrawul dalel vayebel.
z-Azozon | h-+-e- | d-star | v-see
ra clears one full time by a hair (barely); ru falls a hair short (almost).
What changes
1. zalelx gramol. / zalelx gramowal.
Show answer
z-star-x | g-zero
z-star-x | g-+-0e
The first is plain zero stars; mantissa 0 plus digitless wa is absolute zero: none at all, stronger than gramol.