As-of
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As-of (whose now)
English as of Friday, would, was going to, and if he had mix two times: when the event happens, and which “now” the rest of the sentence is measured from (what is still left over, what used to be the pattern, what is planned, what is forecast). Call that second one whose-now.
Ageben keeps the two apart. With no extra marking, whose-now is speech-now, the moment you are speaking. To move it, write a hosted pair: henam when you claim that moment as real (a dated entry in the record), hunom when it is only a placeholder you are not claiming. Put the moment (the snapshot) in /b/ immediately after. (cue: 📒 ledger stamps a dated line in the books; 🔖 bookmark holds the place without stamping)
zalazun haram henam bl_#22,7 vudurul.z-Alazun | h-RESIDUE | [h-as-of.ledger | bl-_22,7] | v-departure
"As of 22 July, Alazun had left and was still gone."
zazozon henam bl_#22,7 vehohel al bohehal.z-Azozon | [h-as-of.ledger | bl-_22,7] | v-sit | [in | b-house]
"As of 22 July, Azozon is sitting in a house."
With nothing else marked, the sitting happens at that now.
The pair covers only its own clause. To keep the same whose-now in a following /x/ clause, repeat the same word with -r and no /b/ (henar / hunor). A new pair with its own /b/ replaces whose-now, whether it repeats the word or switches between henam and hunom. A clause (or a noun or adjective, below) takes at most one as-of pair.
zalazun haram henam bl_#22,7 vudurul. xazozon haram henar vowurol.z-Alazun | h-RESIDUE | [h-as-of.ledger | bl-_22,7] | v-departure . x-Azozon | h-RESIDUE | h-as-of.ledger | v-walk
"As of 22 July, Alazun had left and was still gone. As of that same day, Azozon's walk still counted too."
The role letter says what the snapshot applies to: /h/ the whole clause, /ɡ/ one noun (genam the tab as of Friday), and /w/ the /ɡ/ adjective immediately after the pair (wenam b_#22,7 gamahum). These are separate, so one clause may carry a clause snapshot and an adjective snapshot at once. A noun or adjective snapshot does not reach the verb: if the verb should also count from that now, the clause needs its own /h/ as-of (or a resume).
The bl- word after the pair can be:
- a clock time or date digit string
- an event noun
blarl, with the next sentence as whose-now (the pair then goes last)- extra-noun -r, which points back to a time already said (on a date, -r is written
=:bl=_#22,7is that 22 July again; see the example below where Alazun walks on 22 July)
It is never an offset from speech-now such as three hours ago: that would date the event without saying how you know the date. The as-of word already carries the date, so do not also write a separate h_#22,7 for the same snapshot. A bare h_#… with no pair dates the event itself (time). A clock time, before, or after may sit beside an as-of pair.
Do not put a bare person in /b/ to mean “from Alazun’s now.” A person after hanem is proxy. To mean as of when Alazun told it, use blarl and a sentence: henam blarl zalazun vezuyol.
Once whose-now is set, these count from it:
- A forecast offset (
blral) counts forward from that now. - RESIDUE is what is still left over at that now.
- FORMER means the pattern no longer held at that now.
- A bare verb happens at that now.
MAY, CAUSE, and every other stance still count from speech-now. Evidentials, apart from LIVE at the snapshot, still say how you know at speech-now.
zazozon zalazun zol wenam b_#22,7 gamahum.[z-Azozon | z-Alazun | z-rank/more | [[w-as-of.ledger | b-_22,7] | g-challenge]]
"As of 22 July, Azozon is more challenging than Alazun."
Here the snapshot covers only challenging. It does not reach a verb: a verb in this clause would still count from speech-now unless the clause had its own /h/ pair.
zaral haram henam bludurul.z-money | h-RESIDUE | [h-as-of.ledger | bl-departure]
"As of the departure, the money still stood."
zazozon henam bl_#22,7 habam bludurul vehohel al bohehal.z-Azozon | [h-as-of.ledger | bl-_22,7] | [h-before | bl-departure] | v-sit | [in | b-house]
"As of 22 July, Azozon is sitting in a house before the departure."
Before the departure places the sitting itself; as of 22 July only sets the now the clause is measured from. The two times are separate.
zalazun vowurol el b_#22,7. xalazun haram henam bl=_#22,7 vudurul.z-Alazun | v-walk | [at | b-_22,7] . x-Alazun | h-RESIDUE | [h-as-of.ledger | bl-←_22,7] | v-departure
"Alazun walked on 22 July. As of that day, Alazun had left and was still gone."
zalazun haram vudurul henam blarl zalazun vezuyol.z-Alazun | h-RESIDUE | v-departure | [h-as-of.ledger | bl-that-clause] | z-Alazun | v-tell
"As of when Alazun spoke, Alazun had left and was still gone."
The speaking only sets the now; it is not what is left over.
zalazun haram henam bl_#22,7 vudurul. xazozon thubom blral hunom bl_#23,7 vowurol.z-Alazun | h-RESIDUE | [h-as-of.ledger | bl-_22,7] | v-departure . x-Azozon | [th-PATTERN | bl-later] | [h-as-of.bookmark | bl-_23,7] | v-walk
"As of 22 July, Alazun had left and was still gone. Taking 23 July as now, Azozon would walk, going by the pattern."
The second sentence's own pair replaces the 22 July now.
An as-of pair inside a finished inner clause cannot be resumed later in the main clause. henar on its own parses, but write it only after a clause that set whose-now with henam and a /b/.
Compare with: after halam and extra-noun el at place the event in time or next to a landmark; they do not set whose-now. Causal if thohem is a condition judged at speech-now, not English if he had (hunom). NOTIONAL is pretend, not a placeholder now. Scope islands limit how far a join reaches; they do not carry an as-of forward. On the next clause, repeat the evidential, resume the as-of, or both.
| Ageben | Use | English | Same root as | Cue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
henam / genam / wenam | asserted whose-now | as of (dated ledger) | enal ledger | 📒: a dated line in the books |
hunom / gunom / wunom | unasserted whose-now | as of (placeholder now) | unol bookmark | 🔖: hold the place without stamping |
henar / hunor | resume that whose-now | same books | same | -r restates the stem; no /b/ |
Stance as-of
A stance is yours at speech-now: thomam is how unsure you are as you speak, and a sake or feeling word is how you stand now. English I was sure then, back then it stung, and I'd be relieved date the stance itself. Put the same as-of pair on /th/: thenam for a real now, thunom for a now you are not claiming, then the snapshot in /b/. Every stance word in the clause, including MAY, WANT, CAUSE, sakes, and feelings, then reads from that now. A PLAN is then planned from that now, and a DECISION is held at it.
zalazun thenam bl_#22,7 thomam vudurul.z-Alazun | [th-as-of.ledger | bl-_22,7] | th-MAY | v-departure
"On 22 July, I thought Alazun might leave." (no claim about what I think now)
zalazun thomam vudurul.z-Alazun | th-MAY | v-departure
"Alazun might leave."
/th/ as-of moves only the stances. /h/ as-of moves the event's books. A clause may carry one of each, so a past stance can sit next to a past event:
zalazun thenam bl_#22,7 thomam henam bl_#22,7 vudurul.z-Alazun | [th-as-of.ledger | bl-_22,7] | th-MAY | [h-as-of.ledger | bl-_22,7] | v-departure
"On 22 July, I thought Alazun might have left by then."
With thunom, the stance is one you would hold, not one you held:
zalazun thomam vudurul thunom blarl zazozon vezuyol.z-Alazun | th-MAY | v-departure | [th-as-of.bookmark | bl-that-clause] | z-Azozon | v-tell
"Once Azozon had spoken, I'd think Alazun might leave."
Resume works as on /h/: thenar / thunor with no /b/ on the next /x/ clause keeps the same stance-now.
Unlike the event pair, stance as-of also takes a signed offset from speech-now in its /b/, because it dates only your stance, not the event. Digitless blrul is back then, with no amount claimed:
zalazun thenam blrul thomam vudurul.z-Alazun | [th-as-of.ledger | bl-earlier] | th-MAY | v-departure
"Back then, I thought Alazun might leave."
Changing your mind is then a change of now, not a contradiction: I was fairly sure on the 22nd (thenam) and I'm unsure now (no pair) are both true.
Compare with: an evidential is how you know at speech-now, even under /th/ as-of. Someone else's stance takes a holder; with one, thenam dates their stance. I remember feeling it is a remembering channel (thevum) plus thenam.
| Ageben | Use | English | Cue |
|---|---|---|---|
thenam | stances as of a real now | I thought / I felt (then) | 📒: a dated line |
thunom | stances as of a now you are not claiming | I would think / I'd feel | 🔖: a held place |
thenar / thunor | resume that stance-now | still as I saw it then | -r restates |
Practice
Short drills for Advanced. Try each item before opening Show answer.
Setting: a records room
New words:
| English | Ageben | Cue |
|---|---|---|
| as-of.ledger | henam | 📒 from ledger: a dated line in the books |
| as-of.bookmark | hunom | 🔖 from bookmark: hold the place without stamping |
Review:
| English | Ageben |
|---|---|
| Azozon | azozon |
| Alazun | alazun |
| Ahelan | ahelan |
| RESIDUE | haram |
| PATTERN | thubom |
| MAY | thomam |
| book | anal |
| challenge | amahum |
| rain | erulal |
| departure | vudurul |
| sit | vehohel |
| tell | vezuyol |
English → Ageben
1. As of 22 July, Alazun had left and was still gone.
Show answer
zalazun haram henam bl_#22,7 vudurul.
z-Alazun | h-RESIDUE | [h-as-of.ledger | bl-_22,7] | v-departure
2. the book as of 22 July
Show answer
zanal genam bl_#22,7.
z-book | [g-as-of.ledger | bl-_22,7]
3. As of 22 July, Azozon is more challenging than Alazun.
Show answer
zazozon zalazun zol wenam b_#22,7 gamahum.
[z-Azozon | z-Alazun | z-rank/more | [[w-as-of.ledger | b-_22,7] | g-challenge]]
4. On 22 July, I thought it might rain. (the doubt was then)
Show answer
thenam bl_#22,7 thomam verulal.
[th-as-of.ledger | bl-_22,7] | th-MAY | v-rain
Ageben → English
1. zahelan haram henam bl_#23,7 vudurul. xazozon haram henar vehohel.
Show answer
z-Ahelan | h-RESIDUE | [h-as-of.ledger | bl-_23,7] | v-departure . x-Azozon | h-RESIDUE | h-as-of.ledger | v-sit
As of 23 July, Ahelan had left and was still gone. As of that same day, Azozon had sat down and was still sitting.
2. thubom blral hunom bl_#22,7 verulal.
Show answer
[th-PATTERN | bl-later] | [h-as-of.bookmark | bl-_22,7] | v-rain
Taking 22 July as now, it would rain, going by the pattern.
3. zaral haram henam bludurul.
Show answer
z-money | h-RESIDUE | [h-as-of.ledger | bl-departure]
As of the departure, the money still stood.
4. zalazun thomam vudurul thunom blarl zazozon vezuyol.
Show answer
z-Alazun | th-MAY | v-departure | [th-as-of.bookmark | bl-that-clause] | z-Azozon | v-tell
Once Azozon had spoken, I'd think Alazun might leave.
Pick one
1. On 22 July, I thought Alazun might leave. (the doubt was then) zalazun thenam bl_#22,7 thomam vudurul. or zalazun henam bl_#22,7 thomam vudurul.
Show answer
zalazun thenam bl_#22,7 thomam vudurul.
z-Alazun | [th-as-of.ledger | bl-_22,7] | th-MAY | v-departure
On /th/ the pair moves the stance; on /h/ it moves the event's books and leaves the doubt at speech-now.
What changes
1. zazozon henam bl_#22,7 vehohel. / zazozon hunom bl_#22,7 vehohel.
Show answer
z-Azozon | [h-as-of.ledger | bl-_22,7] | v-sit
z-Azozon | [h-as-of.bookmark | bl-_22,7] | v-sit
henam claims 22 July as a real dated entry (as of 22 July, Azozon sits); hunom only takes it as a placeholder now (taking 22 July as now, Azozon would sit).