Ageben → English cheat sheet

Met a short word you can't place? Find its family by shape, then look it up in the tables below, sorted by spelling. Every table except the first is built from the dictionary, so it always matches the grammar, and each row links to the section that teaches it. Stage: B Beginner, I Intermediate, A Advanced.

Ordinary roots and dictionary compounds are not here: look them up in the lexicon. To build a sentence from an English job (because, by Friday, walked), use Saying it in Ageben.

Find the family by shape

Shape	Family	Example	Stage
vowel(s) + ending, no role letter	hook	al, el	B
role letter + vowel(s) + ending, no root	join	zal, vul	B
y + vowel + ending, no root	speech act	yal	B
role letter + vowel + -rn	stand-in word	darn a statement	I
role letter + w + vowel + part + vowel + ending	role pointer	zwuzer the latest doer	B
role letter + w + vowel + ending	tag	zwar A	I
a name's root + -r	resume	zazozor Azozon again	B

Every join and hook, with its English: Joins and hooks cheat sheet.

Pronouns and sentence linkers

The pronouns are shown without a role letter: add the one for their slot (zuwen I as subject). The sentence linkers are shown whole.

Ageben	English	Taught in	Stage
alen	the topic	The topic pronoun	I
awan	you (the listener)	Special pronouns	B
ayan	we (you and I)	Special pronouns	B
eyen	one, generic you, people	Generic pronoun	B
umen	someone	Special pronouns	B
uwen	I (the speaker)	Special pronouns	B
xahol	it follows that	Sentence linkers	I
xahom	therefore	Sentence linkers	I
xavedam	by the way	Sentence linkers	I
xevewom	next	Sentence linkers	I
xezel	nevertheless, even so	Sentence linkers	I
xezem	however	Sentence linkers	I
xugohul	on the contrary	Sentence linkers	I
xugohum	but	Sentence linkers	I
xugorom	meanwhile	Sentence linkers	I

/ɡ/ words

Ageben	English	Taught in	Stage
gabam	BEFORE clause pole (ahead-of)	Time poles on a noun	I
gadam	of-relation contents (filling of a vessel)	Of relations (part of, cup of, made of, from)	I
gaen	join-relation open to (adjective)	Join-relations	I
gaham	of-relation origin (provenance / identity source)	Of relations (part of, cup of, made of, from)	I
gahum	BECAUSE clause pole (explanatory reason)	Because, iff, and only because	I
galam	AFTER clause pole (just-after)	Time poles on a noun	I
gan	join-relation including (adjective + argument)	Join-relations	I
ganem	proxy on-behalf-of (authorized agency)	Proxy (on behalf of)	B
gaon	join-relation starting with (adjective)	Join-relations	I
garum	UNTIL clause pole (endpoint bound)	Time poles on a noun	I
gebem	ONLY-IF clause pole (necessary condition)	Only if	B
gedam	locative between (two landmarks)	Locative relations	I
gegol	mention marker (the span is a word or phrase as spelling)	Mention	I
gegon	name-string mention marker (the span is a name as spelling)	Mention	I
geham	exchange in-exchange-for (consideration / countervalue)	Exchange (for)	B
gehom	IFF clause pole (biconditional)	Because, iff, and only because	I
gen	join-relation exclusive for (sole pick adjective)	Join-relations	I
genam	AS-OF clause pole (asserted whose-now / dated ledger)	As-of (whose now)	A
genar	AS-OF clause pole (asserted whose-now / dated ledger) resume	As-of (whose now)	A
gerom	WHILE clause pole (concurrent)	Time poles on a noun	I
gevam	locative around (figure on all sides of one landmark)	Locative relations	I
gewel	similative exactly like (type match)	Exactly like (hewel / gewel)	I

/ɡ/ words

Ageben	English	Taught in	Stage
gewem	similative like (type resemblance)	Like (resembles)	B
gezem	ALTHOUGH clause pole (concession; NP despite)	Because, if, although (poles)	B
gobom	of-relation part-of (constitutive piece)	Of relations (part of, cup of, made of, from)	I
goen	join-relation on a par with (adjective)	Join-relations	I
gohem	IF clause pole (one-way conditional)	If	B
gohom	locative across (edge to far edge of one landmark)	Locative relations	I
gon	join-relation prioritizing (adjective)	Join-relations	I
gorel	SAME identity (identical-to / same-as)	Identity (SAME)	B
govam	SO-THAT clause pole (intended outcome; NP for-goal)	Because, if, although (poles)	B
goyom	stimulus (sake about a noun you do not possess)	Personal possession	B
guan	join-relation without or excluding (adjective)	Join-relations	I
guen	join-relation open to anything but (adjective)	Join-relations	I
gulom	of-relation material (constitution)	Of relations (part of, cup of, made of, from)	I
gun	join-relation against or anti- (adjective)	Join-relations	I
gunom	AS-OF clause pole (unasserted whose-now / placeholder now)	As-of (whose now)	A
gunor	AS-OF clause pole (unasserted whose-now / placeholder now) resume	As-of (whose now)	A
guon	join-relation deprioritizing (adjective)	Join-relations	I
guvahum	BY clause pole (deadline: done at or before the endpoint)	Time poles on a noun	I

/h/ words

Ageben	English	Taught in	Stage
habam	BEFORE clause pole (ahead-of)	Because, if, although (poles)	B
hadam	of-relation contents (filling of a vessel)	Of relations (part of, cup of, made of, from)	I
haen	join-relation among options (adverb)	Join-relations	I
haham	of-relation origin (provenance / identity source)	Of relations (part of, cup of, made of, from)	I
hahom	SO-THAT-RESULT clause pole (outcome that follows from the host)	Result (so … that)	I
halam	AFTER clause pole (just-after)	Because, if, although (poles)	B
han	join-relation with or including (adverb + argument)	Join-relations	I
hanem	proxy on-behalf-of (authorized agency)	Proxy (on behalf of)	B
haon	join-relation starting with (adverb)	Join-relations	I
haram	residue mood (outcome still on the current tally)	Residue and former climate	I
harum	UNTIL clause pole (endpoint bound)	Because, if, although (poles)	B
havel	ALREADY phasal (the change has happened); -l not expected to change back	Already, still, not yet, no longer	B
havem	ALREADY phasal (the change has happened); -m could change	Already, still, not yet, no longer	B
haver	ALREADY phasal (the change has happened); -r for now: likely to change back	Already, still, not yet, no longer	B
hawul	STILL phasal (the state continues); -l not expected to change back	Already, still, not yet, no longer	B
hawum	STILL phasal (the state continues); -m could change	Already, still, not yet, no longer	B
hawur	STILL phasal (the state continues); -r for now: about to end	Already, still, not yet, no longer	B
hedam	locative between (two landmarks)	Locative relations	I
heham	exchange in-exchange-for (consideration / countervalue)	Exchange (for)	B
helam	former-climate mood (not the climate claimed now)	Residue and former climate	I
helol	NOT-YET phasal (the change is expected but has not happened); -l not expected to change back	Already, still, not yet, no longer	B
helom	NOT-YET phasal (the change is expected but has not happened); -m could change	Already, still, not yet, no longer	B

/h/ words

Ageben	English	Taught in	Stage
helor	NOT-YET phasal (the change has not happened); -r the change may never come	Already, still, not yet, no longer	B
hen	join-relation exclusively for (adverb)	Join-relations	I
henam	AS-OF clause pole (asserted whose-now / dated ledger)	As-of (whose now)	A
henar	AS-OF clause pole (asserted whose-now / dated ledger) resume	As-of (whose now)	A
herom	WHILE clause pole (concurrent)	Because, if, although (poles)	B
hevam	locative around (figure on all sides of one landmark)	Locative relations	I
hewel	similative exactly like (manner match)	Exactly like (hewel / gewel)	I
hewem	similative like (manner resemblance)	Extra nouns (/b/)	B
hezem	ALTHOUGH clause pole (concession; NP despite)	Because, if, although (poles)	B
hobom	of-relation part-of (constitutive piece)	Of relations (part of, cup of, made of, from)	I
hodam	hostless ability fallback (capacity)	When there is no single verb (oda)	B
hoen	join-relation equating or tying (adverb)	Join-relations	I
hohom	locative across (edge to far edge of one landmark)	Locative relations	I
hon	join-relation prioritizing (adverb)	Join-relations	I
hovam	SO-THAT clause pole (intended outcome; NP for-goal)	Because, if, although (poles)	B
howal	attempt mood committed (keep going until it works or is ruled out)	Try	I
howam	attempt mood (commitment unstated)	Try	I
howar	attempt mood trial run (low-stakes probe; failing is useful data)	Try	I
huan	join-relation excluding (adverb)	Join-relations	I
huen	join-relation barring anything but (adverb)	Join-relations	I
hulom	of-relation material (constitution)	Of relations (part of, cup of, made of, from)	I
hun	join-relation refusing (adverb)	Join-relations	I

/h/ words

Ageben	English	Taught in	Stage
hunom	AS-OF clause pole (unasserted whose-now / placeholder now)	As-of (whose now)	A
hunor	AS-OF clause pole (unasserted whose-now / placeholder now) resume	As-of (whose now)	A
huon	join-relation deprioritizing (adverb)	Join-relations	I
huvahum	BY clause pole (deadline: done at or before the endpoint)	Because, if, although (poles)	B
huvul	NO-LONGER phasal (the state has stopped); -l not expected to change back	Already, still, not yet, no longer	B
huvum	NO-LONGER phasal (the state has stopped); -m could change	Already, still, not yet, no longer	B
huvur	NO-LONGER phasal (the state has stopped); -r paused: expected to resume	Already, still, not yet, no longer	B

/th/ words

Ageben	English	Taught in	Stage
thabel	intuition evidential with strong evidence (strong gut sense)	Evidence strength	I
thabem	intuition evidential (gut sense you cannot fully spell out)	Evidentiality	I
thaber	intuition evidential with weak evidence (faint hunch)	Evidence strength	I
thagol	plan mood atlas map-resolution (includes backups; fully prepared)	Plan	B
thagom	plan mood itinerary map-resolution (steps on the map; detail unstated)	Plan	B
thagor	plan mood sketch map-resolution (direction only; details left open)	Plan	B
thahul	BECAUSE clause pole with fault (the reason broke a norm)	Fault	B
thahum	BECAUSE clause pole (explanatory reason)	Because, if, although (poles)	B
thahur	BECAUSE clause pole with a share (the reason contributed among others)	Fault	B
thalol	want mood lasting (a wish that keeps returning)	Want	I
thalom	want mood (duration unstated)	Want	I
thalor	want mood passing (a whim that fades)	Want	I
thanal	deduced evidential with strong evidence (every step could be shown)	Evidence strength	I
thanam	deduced evidential (follows from the premises)	Evidentiality	I
thanar	deduced evidential with weak evidence (seems to follow; steps unchecked)	Evidence strength	I
thebal	reported evidential with strong evidence (reliable source)	Evidence strength	I
thebam	reported evidential (hearsay / said or written by someone else / reportative)	Evidentiality	I
thebar	reported evidential with weak evidence (rumor)	Evidence strength	I
thebem	ONLY-IF clause pole (necessary condition)	Because, if, although (poles)	B
thehom	IFF clause pole (biconditional)	Because, if, although (poles)	B
themel	mirative mood overturning a firm expectation	Mirative (themem)	I
themem	mirative mood (newly found out and not expected)	Mirative (themem)	I

/th/ words

Ageben	English	Taught in	Stage
themer	mirative mood against a loose expectation	Mirative (themem)	I
thenam	AS-OF stance pole (asserted whose-now / dated ledger)	Stance as-of	A
thenar	AS-OF stance pole (asserted whose-now / dated ledger) resume	Stance as-of	A
thevul	memory evidential with strong evidence (vivid memory)	Evidence strength	I
thevum	memory evidential (remembered firsthand / reconstructive)	Live vs memory	B
thevur	memory evidential with weak evidence (hazy memory)	Evidence strength	I
thewom	CAUSE mood (mechanism framing); a hosted /b/ with no pole is the causer (make)	CAUSE	I
theyol	clues evidential with strong evidence (strong clues)	Evidence strength	I
theyom	clues evidential (reasoned from clues about this case)	Evidentiality	I
theyor	clues evidential with weak evidence (a weak clue)	Evidence strength	I
theyul	notional mood rehearsal hold (practicing a possible scene to prepare for action)	Hold endings (NOTIONAL)	I
theyum	notional mood default hold (imagining a scene without a further purpose)	Notional (as-if framing)	I
theyur	notional mood suppose hold (toying with a possibility or assumption for now)	Hold endings (NOTIONAL)	I
thogel	decision mood irreversible changeability (settled pick; no time)	Decision (revisability)	I
thogem	decision mood modifiable changeability (open to revision; no time)	Decision (revisability)	I
thoger	decision mood temporary changeability (pick for now; no time)	Decision (revisability)	I
thohem	IF clause pole (one-way conditional)	Because, if, although (poles)	B
thomal	may mood find-out hold (I'll / let's find out)	Hold endings (MAY)	B
thomam	may mood (could be; default)	MAY	B
thomar	may mood who-knows hold (leave unsettled; may never know)	Hold endings (MAY)	B
thubol	pattern evidential with strong evidence (well-established pattern)	Evidence strength	I
thubom	pattern evidential (from trail of cases)	Evidentiality	I

/th/ words

Ageben	English	Taught in	Stage
thubor	pattern evidential with weak evidence (a few cases)	Evidence strength	I
thugel	live evidential with strong evidence (clear full view)	Evidence strength	I
thugem	live evidential (sensed now: in view / in earshot / on the skin)	Live vs memory	B
thuger	live evidential with weak evidence (a glimpse)	Evidence strength	I
thunom	AS-OF stance pole (unasserted whose-now / placeholder now)	Stance as-of	A
thunor	AS-OF stance pole (unasserted whose-now / placeholder now) resume	Stance as-of	A

/v/ words

Ageben	English	Taught in	Stage
vaen	join-act picks with more picks open	Join-act verbs	I
van	join-act includes or adds object	Join-act verbs	I
vaon	join-act starts with object	Join-act verbs	I
ven	join-act chooses sole object	Join-act verbs	I
voen	join-act equates or ties objects	Join-act verbs	I
von	join-act prioritizes object	Join-act verbs	I
vuan	join-act excludes object	Join-act verbs	I
vuen	join-act bars anything but object	Join-act verbs	I
vun	join-act denies or refuses object	Join-act verbs	I
vuon	join-act deprioritizes object	Join-act verbs	I

/w/ words

Ageben	English	Taught in	Stage
wabel	intuition evidential with strong evidence (strong gut sense)	Mood on one adjective	A
wabem	intuition evidential (gut sense you cannot fully spell out)	Mood on one adjective	A
waber	intuition evidential with weak evidence (faint hunch)	Mood on one adjective	A
wanal	deduced evidential with strong evidence (every step could be shown)	Mood on one adjective	A
wanam	deduced evidential (follows from the premises)	Mood on one adjective	A
wanar	deduced evidential with weak evidence (seems to follow; steps unchecked)	Mood on one adjective	A
waram	residue mood (outcome still on the current tally)	Mood on one adjective	A
wavel	ALREADY phasal (the change has happened); -l not expected to change back	Already, still, not yet, no longer	B
wavem	ALREADY phasal (the change has happened); -m could change	Already, still, not yet, no longer	B
waver	ALREADY phasal (the change has happened); -r for now: likely to change back	Already, still, not yet, no longer	B
wawul	STILL phasal (the state continues); -l not expected to change back	Already, still, not yet, no longer	B
wawum	STILL phasal (the state continues); -m could change	Already, still, not yet, no longer	B
wawur	STILL phasal (the state continues); -r for now: about to end	Already, still, not yet, no longer	B
webal	reported evidential with strong evidence (reliable source)	Mood on one adjective	A
webam	reported evidential (hearsay / said or written by someone else / reportative)	Mood on one adjective	A
webar	reported evidential with weak evidence (rumor)	Mood on one adjective	A
welam	former-climate mood (not the climate claimed now)	Mood on one adjective	A
welol	NOT-YET phasal (the change is expected but has not happened); -l not expected to change back	Already, still, not yet, no longer	B
welom	NOT-YET phasal (the change is expected but has not happened); -m could change	Already, still, not yet, no longer	B
welor	NOT-YET phasal (the change has not happened); -r the change may never come	Already, still, not yet, no longer	B
wenam	AS-OF clause pole (asserted whose-now / dated ledger)	As-of (whose now)	A
wenar	AS-OF clause pole (asserted whose-now / dated ledger) resume	As-of (whose now)	A

/w/ words

Ageben	English	Taught in	Stage
wevul	memory evidential with strong evidence (vivid memory)	Mood on one adjective	A
wevum	memory evidential (remembered firsthand / reconstructive)	Mood on one adjective	A
wevur	memory evidential with weak evidence (hazy memory)	Mood on one adjective	A
wewom	CAUSE mood (mechanism framing)	CAUSE	I
weyol	clues evidential with strong evidence (strong clues)	Mood on one adjective	A
weyom	clues evidential (reasoned from clues about this case)	Mood on one adjective	A
weyor	clues evidential with weak evidence (a weak clue)	Mood on one adjective	A
weyul	notional mood rehearsal hold (practicing a possible scene to prepare for action)	Mood on one adjective	A
weyum	notional mood default hold (imagining a scene without a further purpose)	Mood on one adjective	A
weyur	notional mood suppose hold (toying with a possibility or assumption for now)	Mood on one adjective	A
wodam	hostless ability fallback (capacity)	When there is no single verb (oda)	B
womal	may mood find-out hold (I'll / let's find out)	Mood on one adjective	A
womam	may mood (could be; default)	Mood on one adjective	A
womar	may mood who-knows hold (leave unsettled; may never know)	Mood on one adjective	A
wubam	respective pairing (item N of one list goes with item N of the other)	Respectively (wubam)	I
wubol	pattern evidential with strong evidence (well-established pattern)	Mood on one adjective	A
wubom	pattern evidential (from trail of cases)	Mood on one adjective	A
wubor	pattern evidential with weak evidence (a few cases)	Mood on one adjective	A
wugel	live evidential with strong evidence (clear full view)	Mood on one adjective	A
wugem	live evidential (sensed now: in view / in earshot / on the skin)	Mood on one adjective	A
wuger	live evidential with weak evidence (a glimpse)	Mood on one adjective	A
wunom	AS-OF clause pole (unasserted whose-now / placeholder now)	As-of (whose now)	A

/w/ words

Ageben	English	Taught in	Stage
wunor	AS-OF clause pole (unasserted whose-now / placeholder now) resume	As-of (whose now)	A
wuvul	NO-LONGER phasal (the state has stopped); -l not expected to change back	Already, still, not yet, no longer	B
wuvum	NO-LONGER phasal (the state has stopped); -m could change	Already, still, not yet, no longer	B
wuvur	NO-LONGER phasal (the state has stopped); -r paused: expected to resume	Already, still, not yet, no longer	B

Sake words

A sake word is a sake root, mid-word th, a (serves) or u (detracts from), and an ending. Shown on /th/ with -m.

Serves	Detracts from	Sake	Taught in	Stage
thawetham	thawethum	relatedness (bond / belonging)	Word shape	B
thewatham	thewathum	beneficence (making someone better off)	Word shape	B
thobatham	thobathum	physical (body / health / safety / shelter)	Word shape	B
thodetham	thodethum	pleasure (sweetness / enjoyment)	Word shape	B
thowetham	thowethum	understanding (sense-making / learning)	Word shape	B
thudatham	thudathum	unspecified (potential)	Word shape	B
thunatham	thunathum	autonomy (choice / agency)	Word shape	B
thurotham	thurothum	purpose (direction / meaning)	Word shape	B
thuwatham	thuwathum	competence (readiness / efficacy)	Word shape	B