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Values (/h/ / /w/)

How to name a need and how you relate to it: topic, met, unmet, motive, or prescription.

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Beginner

Default reading of /h/ and /w/

Use /h/ or /w/ plus a need root when you are talking about a psychological need, not when you are only adding time, place, manner, or degree.

PrefixWhat it attaches to
/h/the clause (motive, prescription, or judgment of the event)
/w/the preceding /ɡ/ (a property or possessive on that adjective)

Shape: PoS + need root + optional mid-word x + stance vowel + ending.

`hawerol.`

gloss: `h-pleasure`

*Pleasure (as a topic).*

Need inventory

Six closed needs. The sense is fixed; the lexicon roots are published. The same roots still form ordinary nouns and verbs (zalodol a ballot box; vuhuhel to defend). Under /h/ / /w/ with value shape, the need reading wins.

SenseLexicon rootMetaphorGloss
autonomyalodo🗳️ ballot-boxchoicechoice, agency, self-direction
competenceolozo🧰 toolboxreadinessefficacy, skill, getting things to work
relatednessonogo🪢 knotbondconnection, belonging, care
pleasureawero🍓 strawberrysweetnessenjoyment, comfort, aesthetic payoff
survivaluhuhe🛡️ shielddefensesafety, health, material sufficiency
unspecifiedege🥚 eggpotentialneed named without picking among the five

Word shape

[h|w] + need-root [ + x + {a|e|o|u} ] + {-l|-m|-n|-r}
  1. PoS: /h/ or /w/.
  2. Need root: one of the six (alodo / olozo / onogo / awero / uhuhe / ege).
  3. Optional x-addition: stance vowel a / e / o / u. Motive xe is Intermediate.
  4. Ending: on a bare need, ordinary reference-suffix. On a compound, -l / -m / -r follow that stance’s table (contact / preference / force / changeability). -n stays ordinary proper.

Stances

How you relate to the need. Vowels follow the series: a add, e order, o one, u undo.

FormStanceGlossMnemonic
bare (no x)TopicNeed named onlyno vowel: name it, don’t take a stance
xaMet / servesHost pays off this needa add: the payoff is in
xoPrescription (ought)Agent or situation ought to act so this need is served or protectedo one: one ought
xuUnmet / costsHost subtracts from this needu undo: the need is taken down

Topic (no x): the ending keeps ordinary reference-suffix senses (hawerol = pleasure as a topic).

Met (xa): the host serves the need. The ending is the contact channel.

`zawaral wonogoxal.`

gloss: `z-gift` · `w-relatedness-met-physical`

*The gift serves relatedness (physical contact).*

Contact channel (endings on met)

On xa compounds, -l / -m / -r mark how you contact the claimed payoff (contact channel). -n stays ordinary proper. Relatedness between people is the need onogo.

FormChannelContactMnemonic
…xalphysicalSensory / ambient / embodied ease-l locked on the scene you can touch
…xammentalCognitive integration, memory, self-directed gratitude-m open in the head
…xarspiritualBig-picture step-back (wider frame)-r resume to a larger frame

Channels are different kinds of contact, not a ranked “better.”

`zohohul gohohum bazawan wolozoxal.`

gloss: `z-house` · `g-home` · `b-grace@` · `w-competence-met-physical`

*Azawan’s house serves competence (physical contact: a felt place).*

Prescription (xo): force

xo means should / ought: act so the need is served or protected, whether or not anyone is acting from it now. -l / -m / -r mark prescription force (how strongly you claim the ought). -n stays ordinary proper. A promise without a named vow is bound or endorse. Always pick an ending; if the force is unknown, use -m. Gloss bound -l as bound in this frame.

FormForceYou are sayingMnemonic
…xolboundNon-negotiable in this frame-l locked / same hardness as jal and closed joins
…xomendorseYou stand behind this should (soft default if unknown)-m open backing
…xorinviteWorth considering here-r light resume: held out
`zazawan vezehel honogoxom.`

gloss: `z-grace@` · `v-tell` · `h-relatedness-ought-endorse`

*Azawan tells: relatedness ought to be served (endorse).*

Unmet (xu): changeability

xu means the host costs / subtracts from the need. -l / -m / -r mark changeability (how lasting the cost is). -n stays ordinary proper. If the grain is unknown, use -m.

FormJobMnemonic
…xulirreversible: fixed as far as you can tell-l hard / locked
…xummodifiable: effort or circumstance may change it (soft default if unknown)-m open to change
…xurtemporary: usually met; not this moment-r light / this moment only
`zazegel walodoxur.`

gloss: `z-gathering` · `w-autonomy-unmet-temporary`

*The gathering costs autonomy right now (temporary).*

Translation practice

Short drills on this Beginner band. Try each item before opening Show answer.

Roots used here: azawa grace (name Azawan) · ululo courage (name Ululon) · uhubu beauty (name Uhubun) · odogo dog · abogo book · ohohu house · awala walk · ezehe tell · uzunu sing · awara gift · azege gathering · alodo autonomy · olozo competence · onogo relatedness · awero pleasure · uhuhe survival · ege unspecified need

English → Agalan

1. Pleasure (as a topic).

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hawerol.

2. The gift serves relatedness (physical channel).

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zawaral wonogoxal.

3. The house serves competence (physical channel).

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zohohul wolozoxal.

4. The gathering costs autonomy right now (temporary).

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zazegel walodoxur.

5. Azawan tells: relatedness ought to be served (endorse).

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zazawan vezehel honogoxom.

6. Unspecified need (as a topic).

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hegel.

7. The book serves competence (mental channel).

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zabogol wolozoxam.

8. Uhubun sings: survival ought to be protected (bound).

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zuhubun vuzunul huhuhexol.

Agalan → English

1. hawerol.

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Pleasure (as a topic).

2. zawaral wonogoxal.

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The gift serves relatedness (physical channel).

3. zazegel walodoxur.

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The gathering costs autonomy right now (temporary).

4. zabogol wolozoxam.

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The book serves competence (mental channel).

5. hegel.

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Unspecified need (as a topic).

6. zululon vezehel honogoxor.

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Ululon tells: relatedness ought to be served (invite).

7. zohohul wuhuhexal.

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The house serves survival (physical channel).

8. zabogol wolozoxum.

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The book costs competence (modifiable).

Intermediate

Motive (xe): preference standing

xe is a descriptive reason for acting (am doing for this need). Use it when English have to / need to is really a motive. -l / -m / -r mark preference standing (where the reason comes from). -n stays ordinary proper. Habit of the reason uses hual. Always pick an ending; if the standing is unknown, use -m. Usually my reason is …xem plus hual.

xe is doing for this need; xo is should serve or protect this need.

FormStandingContactMnemonic
…xelcircumstantialThe situation pulls this motive-l locked to the scene; e order: this ranking of reasons
…xeminternalThe agent’s own reason (also soft default if unknown)-m open / from inside
…xerprotectiveMotive as protecting against unmet (away-from)-r resume away from a cost

-l and -m are approach-framed; -r is guard-framed.

`zazawan vezehel honogoxem.`

gloss: `z-grace@` · `v-tell` · `h-relatedness-motive-internal`

*Azawan tells for relatedness (internal reason).*

Which ending table?

StanceEnding tableMnemonic (vowel)
xa metcontact channela add
xe motivepreference standinge order
xo oughtprescription forceo one
xu unmetchangeabilityu undo

Attachment sites

SiteTypical shapeEnglish cue
Possessive / gratitudehost + /ɡ/ possessive + w…xa… + channelAzawan’s house (for competence): wolozoxa…
Praiseneutral host + w- / h- xa + channelgift (serves relatedness): wonogoxa…
Criticismneutral host + xu + changeabilitygathering (costs autonomy): walodoxu…
Prescriptionclause + h…xo… + forceshould (for relatedness): honogoxo…
Motiveclause + h…xe… + standingAzawan … (for relatedness): honogoxe…
Topic-onlybare h… / w… needhawerol

Prefer -m on xu / xe / xo when that table’s dimension is unclear. Several values are several /h/ or /w/ words (holozoxal honogoxal), not stacked x-additions on one need.

On these compounds, -l / -m / -r are the stance tables above.

`zazawan vezehel holozoxal honogoxem.`

gloss: `z-grace@` · `v-tell` · `h-competence-met-physical` · `h-relatedness-motive-internal`

*Azawan tells: competence is met (physical) and relatedness is the internal motive.*

The host word carries literal vs metaphorical sense.

Translation practice

Short drills on this Intermediate band. Try each item before opening Show answer.

Roots used here: azawa grace (name Azawan) · ululo courage (name Ululon) · uhubu beauty (name Uhubun) · abogo book · ohohu house · awala walk · ezehe tell · uzunu sing · uwuru write · aju sit · awara gift · azege gathering · alodo autonomy · olozo competence · onogo relatedness · awero pleasure · uhuhe survival · hual (always) · odogo dog

English → Agalan

1. Azawan tells for relatedness (internal reason).

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zazawan vezehel honogoxem.

2. Ululon walks for relatedness (the situation pulls it).

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zululon vawalal honogoxel.

3. Uhubun sings for relatedness (internal motive, as usual).

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zuhubun vuzunul honogoxem hual.

4. Azawan sits for relatedness (protective motive).

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zazawan vajul honogoxer.

5. Ululon writes for competence (internal reason).

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zululon vuwurul holozoxem.

6. Azawan’s house serves competence (physical channel).

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zohohul gohohum bazawan wolozoxal.

7. The gift serves relatedness (physical).

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zawaral wonogoxal.

8. Uhubun tells: relatedness ought to be served (endorse).

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zuhubun vezehel honogoxom.

9. Azawan tells: competence met (physical) and relatedness as internal motive.

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zazawan vezehel holozoxal honogoxem.

10. Ululon tells: relatedness ought (bound) and relatedness as circumstantial motive.

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zululon vezehel honogoxol honogoxel.

Agalan → English

1. zazawan vezehel honogoxem.

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Azawan tells for relatedness (internal reason).

2. zululon vawalal honogoxel.

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Ululon walks for relatedness (circumstantial motive).

3. zuhubun vuzunul honogoxem hual.

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Uhubun sings for relatedness (internal motive, as usual).

4. zazawan vajul honogoxer.

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Azawan sits for relatedness (protective motive).

5. zululon vuwurul holozoxem.

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Ululon writes for competence (internal reason).

6. zohohul gohohum bazawan wolozoxal.

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Azawan’s house serves competence (physical channel).

7. zawaral waweroxar.

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The gift serves pleasure (spiritual channel).

8. zazegel walodoxum.

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The gathering costs autonomy (modifiable).

9. zazawan godogol honogoxum.

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Azawan is a dog; relatedness unmet (modifiable).

10. wonogoxal. honogoxem. honogoxom. honogoxum.

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Relatedness served (physical contact). For relatedness (internal motive). Relatedness ought (endorse). Relatedness unmet (modifiable).

See also